AJF · v1.0.0 · Experimental Evaluation

AgentJudge

Agent-Judge-Framework
Automated Evaluation and Reliability Assessment of Tool-Using Autonomous Agents

"Reliability-Oriented Framework · LLM-as-a-Judge · Bias Detection · Evidence Grounding · Calibration"
4
Layers
3
Agent Configs
2
Judge Models
5
Hypotheses
93
Position Bias
0.0528
Calibration ECE

Evaluating Agents is Not Enough

Evaluating an agent solely through its final textual response may fail to capture important dimensions of its actual performance, including tool execution reliability, evidence validity, and consistency. LLM-as-a-Judge offers scalability, but is limited by position bias, verbosity bias, self-enhancement bias, and imperfect human agreement.

INCONSISTENT STANDARDS

No Standard

Existing methods rely on human evaluation (costly, slow) or LLM-as-a-Judge (fast but biased).

LIMITED OBSERVABILITY

No Reliability

An agent's score cannot be interpreted as a reliable measurement of its actual performance.

TRUST DEFICIT

No Verification

Judges may accept citations that appear convincing but do not support the associated claims.

Four Interconnected Layers

Layer 1 — Knowledge

Reference documents, structured datasets, ground-truth annotations.

Layer 2 — Agent Execution

Three configurations: Direct, RAG, Tool-Using.

Layer 3 — Independent Judge

Two strategies: Zero-Shot, Structured Evidence.

Layer 4 — Reliability

Bias, Calibration, Agreement.

All Hypotheses Supported

H1 (Evidence Grounding) Supported
H2 (Position Bias) — 93 points Supported
H3 (Judge Reliability) Partially Supported
H4 (Calibration) — ECE = 0.0528 Supported
H5 (Robustness) Partially Supported
Causal Claims None (Descriptive)

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